<?php
$key = ftok(__FILE__, 'i');
$size = 100;
$shm_h = @shmop_open($key, 'c', 0644, $size);
if($shm_h === false) {
        echo "shmop open failed";
        exit;
}
$data = shmop_read($shm_h, 0, $size);
$data = unserialize($data);
//如果没有数据则写一个
if(empty($data)) {
        echo "there is no data";
        $data = "imdonkey";
        //就算数据是文本，write时也要序列化
        $write_size = shmop_write($shm_h, serialize($data), 0);
        if($write_size === false) echo "shmop write failed!";
}
//如果有，显示出来，之后删掉
else {
        echo "shared memory data: ";
        print_r($data);
        shmop_delete($shm_h);
}
shmop_close($shm_h);
?>

<?php 
$shm_key = ftok(__FILE__, 'i');
$memsize = 120;
$shm_h = shm_attach($shm_key, $memsize, 0644);
if($shm_h === false) {
        echo "shmop open failed";
        exit;
}
$var_key = 3;
$data = @shm_get_var($shm_h, $var_key);
if(empty($data)) {
        $data = "imdonkey";
        echo "there is no data, insert $data.\n";
        shm_put_var($shm_h, $var_key, $data);
} else {
        echo "find data: $data\n";
        shm_remove_var($shm_h, $var_key);
}
shm_detach($shm_h);
?>

//当shm_attach第一次被调用时，php向共享内存写入一个header
$shmHeaderSize = (PHP_INT_SIZE * 4) + 8;
//当shm_put_var调用时，php会在序列化后的数据前面，加一个header
$shmVarSize = (((strlen(serialize($foo))+ (4 * PHP_INT_SIZE)) /4 ) * 4 ) + 4;
$memsize = $shmHeaderSize + $shmVarSize;

<?php 
if ( sizeof($argv)<2 ) { 
        echo "Usage: $argv[0] stat|send|receive|remove msgType MSG [msg] \n\n" ; 
        echo "   EX: $argv[0] send 1 \"This is no 1\" \n" ; 
        echo "       $argv[0] receive ID \n" ; 
        echo "       $argv[0] stat \n" ; 
        echo "       $argv[0] remove \n" ; 
        exit; 
} 
 
$MSGKey = "123456" ; 
$seg = msg_get_queue($MSGKey) ; 
 
switch ( $argv[1] ) { 
    case "send": 
        msg_send($seg, $argv[2], $argv[3]); 
        echo "msg_send done...\n" ; 
        break; 
 
    case "receive": 
        $stat = msg_stat_queue( $seg ); 
        echo 'Messages in the queue: '.$stat['msg_qnum']."\n"; 
        if ( $stat['msg_qnum']>0 ) { 
            msg_receive($seg, $argv[2], $msgtype, 1024, $data, true, MSG_IPC_NOWAIT); 
            var_dump($msgtype); 
            var_dump($data); 
            echo "\n"; 
        } 
        else { 
            echo "No Msg...\n"; 
        } 
        break; 
 
    case "stat": 
      print_r( msg_stat_queue($seg) ); 
        break; 
 
    case "remove": 
        msg_remove_queue($seg); 
        break; 
} 
?>

//Lambda实现代码：
function appendPostfix($array, $postfix) {
	$anonyFun = function($e, $p) {
		return $e.'_'.$p;
	};
	return array_map($anonyFun, $array, array_fill(0, count($array), $postfix));
}

//Closure实现代码：
function appendPostfix($array, $postfix) {
	$anonyFun = function($e) use($postfix) {
		return $e.'_'.$postfix;
	};
	return array_map($anonyFun, $array);
}

function increase() {
	$x = 10;
	return function() use (&$x) {
		return $x++;
	};
}
 
$f = increase();
 
$r = $f();
var_dump($r);
$r = $f();
var_dump($r);

class Foo
{
    private $x = 3;
    private function f()
    {
        return 15;
    } 
 
    public function getClosureUsingPrivates()
    {
        $self = $this; //注意这行
        return function () use ($self) {
            return $self->x * $self->f();
        };
    }
}

public class LinkedNode {
 
	private LinkedNode next = null;
 
	public void setNext(LinkedNode _next) {
		this.next = _next;
	}
 
	public LinkedNode next() {
		return this.next;
	}
}

public class CircleChecker {
 
	public static final int HASHCHECK = 1;
	public static final int STEPCHECK = 2;
 
	/**
	 * Generate a linked list
	 * @param circle if true, return a circle list
	 * @param capacity list size
	 * @return linked list
	 */
	private List<LinkedNode> getLinkedList(boolean circle, int capacity) {
		List<LinkedNode> list = new LinkedList<LinkedNode>();
		LinkedNode head = new LinkedNode();
		list.add(head);
		while (--capacity > 0) {
			LinkedNode node = new LinkedNode();
			list.get(list.size() - 1).setNext(node);
			list.add(node);
		}
		if (circle) {
			list.get(list.size() - 1).setNext(head);
		}
		System.out.println("List size is :" + list.size() + "\r\n");
		return list;
	}
 
	public boolean hashCheck(List<LinkedNode> list) {
		boolean hasCircle = false;
		Set<LinkedNode> hash = new HashSet<LinkedNode>();
 
		LinkedNode node = list.get(0);
		hash.add(node);
		int times = 0;
		int step = 2;
		while (node.next() != null) {
			for (int i = 0; i < step && node.next() != null; i++) {
				node = node.next();
			}
			if(!hash.add(node)) {
				hasCircle = true;
				break;
			}
			times++;
		}
		System.out.println("Check Time: " + times);
		return hasCircle;
	}
 
	public boolean stepCheck(List<LinkedNode> list) {
		boolean hasCircle = false;
		int i;
		int step1 = 1;
		int step2 = 2;
 
		LinkedNode node1 = list.get(0);
		LinkedNode node2 = list.get(0);
		int times = 0;
		while (node1.next() != null && node2.next() != null) {
			for (i = 0; i < step1 && node1.next() != null; i++) {
				node1 = node1.next();
			}
			for (i = 0; i < step2 && node2.next() != null; i++) {
				node2 = node2.next();
			}
			if (node1 == node2) {
				hasCircle = true;
				break;
			}
			times++;
		}
		System.out.println("Check Time: " + times);
		return hasCircle;
	}
 
	public void startCheck(List<LinkedNode> list, int mode) {
		long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
		boolean result = false;
		switch (mode) {
		case HASHCHECK:
			System.out.println("[Hash Check]");
			result = this.hashCheck(list);
			break;
		case STEPCHECK:
			System.out.println("[Step Check]");
			result = this.stepCheck(list);
			break;
		default:
			System.err.println("Unsupported Mode");
		}
		long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
		System.out.println("RunningTime: " + (end - start));
		System.out.println("Result is " + result + "\r\n");
	}
 
	public static void main(String[] arg) {
		CircleChecker app = new CircleChecker();
		List<LinkedNode> testList = app.getLinkedList(true, 500000);
		app.startCheck(testList, HASHCHECK);
		app.startCheck(testList, STEPCHECK);
	}
 
}

List<LinkedNode> testList = app.getLinkedList(true, 500000);

List<LinkedNode> testList = app.getLinkedList(false, 500000);

$array = array(
    "id1" => 2147483647,
    "id2" => 2147483648
);
$json = json_encode($array);
$out = json_decode($json, true);
var_dump($out);

$large_number = 2147483647;
var_dump($large_number);                     // int(2147483647)
 
$large_number = 2147483648;
var_dump($large_number);                     // float(2147483648)
 
$million = 1000000;
$large_number =  50000 * $million;
var_dump($large_number);                     // float(50000000000)

$array = array(
    "id1" => 2147483647,
    "id2" => 2147483648
);
$json = json_encode($array);
 
$json = preg_replace('/("id\d":)(\d{9,})/i', '${1}"${2}"', $json);
 
$out = json_decode($json, true);
var_dump($out);

$sessid = '';
while (strlen($sessid) < 32)
{
	$sessid .= mt_rand(0, mt_getrandmax());
}
// To make the session ID even more secure we'll combine it with the user's IP
$sessid .= $this->CI->input->ip_address();
$sessid = md5(uniqid($sessid, TRUE))

CREATE TABLE `ws_sessions` ( 
  `session_id` varchar(255) BINARY NOT NULL DEFAULT '', 
  `session_expires` int(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', 
  `session_data` text, 
  PRIMARY KEY  (`session_id`) 
) TYPE=InnoDB;

<?php 
class session { 
   // session-lifetime 
   var $lifeTime; 
   // mysql-handle 
   var $dbHandle; 
   function open($savePath, $sessName) { 
       // get session-lifetime 
       $this->lifeTime = get_cfg_var("session.gc_maxlifetime"); 
       // open database-connection 
       $dbHandle = @mysql_connect("server","user","password"); 
       $dbSel = @mysql_select_db("database",$dbHandle); 
       // return success 
       if(!$dbHandle || !$dbSel) 
           return false; 
       $this->dbHandle = $dbHandle; 
       return true; 
   } 
   function close() { 
       $this->gc(ini_get('session.gc_maxlifetime')); 
       // close database-connection 
       return @mysql_close($this->dbHandle); 
   } 
   function read($sessID) { 
       // fetch session-data 
       $res = mysql_query("SELECT session_data AS d FROM ws_sessions 
                           WHERE session_id = '$sessID' 
                           AND session_expires > ".time(),$this->dbHandle); 
       // return data or an empty string at failure 
       if($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($res)) 
           return $row['d']; 
       return ""; 
   } 
   function write($sessID,$sessData) { 
       // new session-expire-time 
       $newExp = time() + $this->lifeTime; 
       // is a session with this id in the database? 
       $res = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM ws_sessions 
                           WHERE session_id = '$sessID'",$this->dbHandle); 
       // if yes, 
       if(mysql_num_rows($res)) { 
           // ...update session-data 
           mysql_query("UPDATE ws_sessions 
                         SET session_expires = '$newExp', 
                         session_data = '$sessData' 
                         WHERE session_id = '$sessID'",$this->dbHandle); 
           // if something happened, return true 
           if(mysql_affected_rows($this->dbHandle)) 
               return true; 
       } 
       // if no session-data was found, 
       else { 
           // create a new row 
           mysql_query("INSERT INTO ws_sessions ( 
                         session_id, 
                         session_expires, 
                         session_data) 
                         VALUES( 
                         '$sessID', 
                         '$newExp', 
                         '$sessData')",$this->dbHandle); 
           // if row was created, return true 
           if(mysql_affected_rows($this->dbHandle)) 
               return true; 
       } 
       // an unknown error occured 
       return false; 
   } 
   function destroy($sessID) { 
       // delete session-data 
       mysql_query("DELETE FROM ws_sessions WHERE session_id = '$sessID'",$this->dbHandle); 
       // if session was deleted, return true, 
       if(mysql_affected_rows($this->dbHandle)) 
           return true; 
       // ...else return false 
       return false; 
   } 
   function gc($sessMaxLifeTime) { 
       // delete old sessions 
       mysql_query("DELETE FROM ws_sessions WHERE session_expires < ".time(),$this->dbHandle); 
       // return affected rows 
       return mysql_affected_rows($this->dbHandle); 
   } 
} 
$session = new session(); 
session_set_save_handler(array(&$session,"open"), 
                         array(&$session,"close"), 
                         array(&$session,"read"), 
                         array(&$session,"write"), 
                         array(&$session,"destroy"), 
                         array(&$session,"gc")); 
session_start(); 
// etc... 
?>

// 如果客户端使用cookie,可直接传递session到page2.php
echo '<br /><a href="page2.php">page 2</a>';
 
// 如果客户端禁用cookie
echo '<br /><a href="page2.php?' . SID . '">page 2</a>';
/*
 默认php5.2.1下,SID只有在cookie被写入的同时才会有值,如果该session
 对应的cookie已经存在,那么SID将为(未定义)空
 */

function __get ($name){
	if ($name == "config") return;
	$var =&wxMagicGet($name);
	return $var;
}

function &wxMagicGet($name){
	if ($name == "db"){
		$CI = &get_instance();
		$CI->load->database();
		return $CI->$name;
	}
 
	if (!wxGetLoadingInfo($name, $type, $mpath)) return null;
 
	$CI = &get_instance();
	if ($type == 1){
		$CI->load->library($mpath.$name);
	} else if ($type == 2){
		$CI->load->model($mpath.$name);
	} else {
		return null;
	}
	return $CI->$name;
}
 
function wxGetLoadingInfo($name, &$type, &$mpath){
	static $pathmap = array();
	$filename = $name;
	if (strripos($name, ".php") === FALSE){
		$filename .= ".php";
	}
 
	return _find_where($filename, $type, $mpath);
}
 
function _find_where($name, &$type, &$mpath){
	//find in app model
	$type = 2;
	if (_find_where_path($name, APPPATH."models/", $mpath)) {
		$mpath = substr($mpath, strlen(APPPATH."models/"));
		return true;
	}
 
	//find in app library
	$type = 1;
	if (_find_where_path($name, APPPATH."libraries/", $mpath)) {
		$mpath = substr($mpath, strlen(APPPATH."libraries/"));
		return true;
	}
 
	//find in base library
	$type = 1;
	if (_find_where_path($name, BASEPATH."libraries/", $mpath)) {
		$mpath = substr($mpath, strlen(BASEPATH."libraries/"));
		return true;
	}
 
	return false;
}
 
function _find_where_path($name, $path, &$mpath){
	if (file_exists($path . $name)){
		$mpath = $path;
		return true;
	}
 
	if (file_exists($path . ucfirst($name1))){
		$mpath = $path;
		return true;
	}
 
	if (file_exists($path . strtoupper($name))){
		$mpath = $path;
		return true;
	}
 
	//更深入的查找所有子目录
	$found = false;
	if ($handle = @opendir($path)) {
		while (false !== ($file = readdir($handle))) {
			if ($file != "." && $file != "..") {
				$child = $path.$file;
				if(is_dir($child)) {
					if (_find_where_path($name, $child . "/", $mpath)){
						$found = true;
						break;
					}
				}
			}
		}
		closedir($handle);
	}
	return $found;
}

public class Info {
 
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		new Info();
	}
 
	public Info() {
 
		// Initialize Web Service
		AWSECommerceService service = new AWSECommerceService();
		service.setHandlerResolver(new AwsHandlerResolver("<Your Secret Key>"));
 
		// Create Web Service Connection
		AWSECommerceServicePortType port = service.getAWSECommerceServicePort();
 
		// Add Parameters for the Item Lookup
		ItemLookupRequest request = new ItemLookupRequest();
		request.getItemId().add("0596007124");
		request.setIdType("ASIN");
		request.getResponseGroup().add("Large");
 
		// Wrap Request in Lookup Body
		ItemLookup body = new ItemLookup();
		body.setAWSAccessKeyId("<Your Access ID>");
		body.setShared(request);
 
		// Assign Results to a Response Object
		ItemLookupResponse response = port.itemLookup(body);
		Item item = response.getItems().get(0).getItem().get(0);
	}
}

public class InfoScrap {
 
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		new InfoScrap();
	}
 
	public InfoScrap() {
 
		// Initialize Web Service
		AWSECommerceService service = new AWSECommerceService();
		service.setHandlerResolver(new AwsHandlerResolver("<Your Secret Key>"));
 
		// Create Web Service Connection
		AWSECommerceServicePortType port = service.getAWSECommerceServicePort();
 
		// Add Parameters for the Item Search
		ItemSearchRequest request = new ItemSearchRequest();
		java.util.List<String> attrs = new ArrayList<String>();
		attrs.add("Request");
		attrs.add("BrowseNodes");
		attrs.add("EditorialReview");
		attrs.add("ItemAttributes");
		attrs.add("Large");
		request.getResponseGroup().addAll(attrs);
		request.setBrowseNode("1058");
		request.setSearchIndex("Books");// Only search Book
 
		// Get browse node page count
		int page = 0;
 
		ItemSearch itemSearch = new ItemSearch();
		itemSearch.setAWSAccessKeyId("<Your Access ID>");
		itemSearch.getRequest().add(request);
		ItemSearchResponse response = port.itemSearch(itemSearch);
		java.util.List<Items> itemssList = response.getItems();
		for (Items items : itemssList) {
			page = items.getTotalPages().intValue();
		}
 
		// Start Scrapping Items per page
		for (int i = 1; i < page; i++) {
			request.setItemPage(BigInteger.valueOf(i));
			port = service.getAWSECommerceServicePort();
			itemSearch = new ItemSearch();
			itemSearch.setAWSAccessKeyId("<Your Access ID>");
			itemSearch.getRequest().add(request);
			response = port.itemSearch(itemSearch);
			itemssList = response.getItems();
			for (Items items : itemssList) {
				java.util.List<Item> itemsList = items.getItem();
				for (Item item : itemsList) {
					// callback(item);
					System.out.println("Complete " + i + "/" + page);
				}
			}
		}
	}
}